
Whakamahia hei whakatū i tētahi awa i te wā o ngā tikanga mimi endoscopic, kia māmā ake ai te haere o ngā endoscope me ētahi atu taputapu ki roto i te ara mimi.
| Tauira | Tautuhinga Puranga (Fr) | Tautuhinga o te hipoki (mm) | Roa (mm) |
| ZRH-NQG-9.5-13 | 9.5 | 3.17 | 130 |
| ZRH-NQG-9.5-20 | 9.5 | 3.17 | 200 |
| ZRH-NQG-10-45 | 10 | 3.33 | 450 |
| ZRH-NQG-10-55 | 10 | 3.33 | 550 |
| ZRH-NQG-11-28 | 11 | 3.67 | 280 |
| ZRH-NQG-11-35 | 11 | 3.67 | 350 |
| ZRH-NQG-12-55 | 12 | 4.0 | 550 |
| ZRH-NQG-13-45 | 13 | 4.33 | 450 |
| ZRH-NQG-13-55 | 13 | 4.33 | 550 |
| ZRH-NQG-14-13 | 14 | 4.67 | 130 |
| ZRH-NQG-14-20 | 14 | 4.67 | 200 |
| ZRH-NQG-16-13 | 16 | 5.33 | 130 |
| ZRH-NQG-16-20 | 16 | 5.33 | 200 |

Matua
Ko te uho he mea hanga ki te koiri porowhita hei whakarato i te ngāwari tino pai me te ātete mōrahi ki te piko me te pēhanga.
Paninga Waipēhi
Mā te ngāwari o te whakauru. He mea hanga te paninga pai ake kia roa te mau i roto i te akomanga rua.


Lumen o roto
Kua whakakikoruatia te pūwero o roto ki te PTFE hei whakahaere i te tuku me te tango ngāwari o te taputapu. Mā te hanganga pakitara angiangi ka nui rawa te pūwero o roto, me te whakaiti i te whānui o waho.
Te pito whakarara
Whakawhiti maeneene mai i te diator ki te pūtu mō te ngāwari o te whakauru.
Mā te pito me te hipoki radiopako ka māmā ake te tiro i te wāhi i whakatakotoranga ai.

Ka whakamahia te uhi urunga ureteral mō te endoscopy urological me te pokanga, me te kore e hanga he awa poutū, hei āwhina i ngā endoscopes me ngā taputapu pokanga ki te tomo ki te ara mimi, ka taea te whakapai ake i te reiti angitu o te endoscopy i roto i ngā tūroro he stenosis ureteral me te lumen iti, me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga me te haumaru o te tirotiro me te maimoatanga ka taea te tiaki i te ureter i te wā e whakawhiti ana i ngā taputapu me te whakaiti nui i te kino; ko te "J-tube" i mua i te ureteroscopy ka taea te whakanui ake i te reiti angitu o te endoscopy, ā, i muri i te whakatakotoranga o te "J-tube" ka taea te aukati me te maimoatanga i te aukati ureteral i puta mai i te edema ureteral me te kohatu kuru.
E ai ki ngā raraunga a Wind, kua piki te maha o ngā mate urogenital i tukuna mai i ngā hōhipera i tōku whenua mai i te 2.03 miriona i te tau 2013 ki te 6.27 miriona i te tau 2019, me te tere tipu whakakotahi e ono tau o te 20.67%, ko te maha o ngā mate urolithiasis i tukuna mai i te 330,000 i te tau 2013 kua piki ki te 660,000 i te tau 2019, me te tere tipu whakakotahi e ono tau o te 12.36%. E whakatauhia ana me te āta whakaaro ko te rahi o te mākete ā-tau o ngā keehi e whakamahi ana i te "ureteral (soft) mirror holmium laser lithotripsy" anake ka neke atu i te 1 piriona.
Ko te pikinga ake o te tokomaha o ngā tūroro e pāngia ana e te pūnaha mimi i ia tau, e whakatairanga ana hoki i te pikinga ake o te maha o ngā pokanga mimi, ā, koinei anō te take e piki haere tonu ai ngā taputapu pau e pā ana ki te mimi.
Mai i te tirohanga o te uhi urunga ureter, e tata ana ki te 50 ngā hua kua whakaaetia e te Whakahaere Kai me te Rongoā i Haina, tae atu ki te neke atu i te 30 ngā hua o te kāinga me te tekau ngā hua kawemai. Ko te nuinga o ēnei he hua kua whakaaetia houtia i ngā tau tata nei, ā, kei te kaha haere te whakataetae mākete.