Te Mārama ki ngā Polyps Gastrointestinal: He Tirohanga Whānui mō te Hauora Nakunaku

2. Ngā momo Polyps Gastrointestinal

He maha ngā momo polyp ka puta i roto i te ara GI, he āhuatanga motuhake tō ia momo me ngā mōrearea mate pukupuku:

• Ngā Polyp Adenomatous (Adenomas): Koinei ngā momo polyp e kitea nuitia ana i roto i te koroni, ā, ka taea pea te whanake hei mate pukupuku colorectal. Ka whakarōpūtia ngā adenoma ki ngā momo tubular, villous, tubulovillous rānei, ā, ko ngā adenoma villous te mea nui rawa atu mō te mate pukupuku.

• Ngā Polyp Hyperplastic: He iti noa iho te nuinga, ā, he maha ngā wā ka kitea i roto i te koroni, he iti noa iho te mōrearea o ēnei polyp ki te mate pukupuku. Heoi, ko ngā polyp hyperplastic nui, inā koa i te taha matau o te koroni, tera pea he paku piki ake te mōrearea.

• Ngā Polyps Mumura: E kitea whānuitia ana i roto i te hunga e pāngia ana e te mate puku mumura (IBD), pērā i te mate a Crohn, te mate ulcerative colitis rānei, he pai noa iho ngā polyps mumura engari he tohu pea tēnei mō te mumura roa i roto i te koroni.

• Ngā Polyp Hamartomatous: He iti ake te kitea o ēnei polyp, ā, ka puta pea hei wāhanga o ngā mate ira pēnei i te mate Peutz-Jeghers. Ahakoa he pai te āhua, i ētahi wā ka piki ake te mōrearea o te mate pukupuku.

• Ngā Polyp o te Repe Fundic: Ka kitea i roto i te puku, he iti noa iho ēnei polyp, ā, he pai hoki. Heoi, i roto i te hunga e tango ana i ngā aukati papu proton (PPI) mō te wā roa, ka piki ake pea ngā polyp o te repe fundic, ahakoa he iti tonu te mōrearea o te mate pukupuku.

3. Ngā Take me ngā Take Mōrearea

Kāore i te tino mārama te tino take o ngā polyp GI, engari he maha ngā āhuatanga ka piki ake te tūponotanga o te whanaketanga o ēnei polyp:

• Ira: He mea nui te hītori whānau ki te whanaketanga o ngā polyp. Ko ngā āhuatanga ira pēnei i te Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) me te Lynch syndrome ka piki ake te mōrearea o ngā polyp colorectal me te mate pukupuku i te wā taitamariki.

• Tau: He nui ake te kitea o ngā polyp i roto i te hunga neke atu i te 50 tau te pakeke, ā, ka piki ake te mōrearea o ngā polyp adenomatous me te mate pukupuku colorectal i te pakeketanga.

• Ngā Āhuatanga o te Noho: Ko te kai nui i ngā mīti whero, i ngā mīti tukatuka rānei, te momonatanga, te momi hikareti, me te inu waipiro nui, kua honoa katoatia ki te pikinga o te mōrearea o te hanganga polyp.

• Ngā Āhuatanga Mumura: Ko te mumura mau tonu o te ara GI, e kitea pinepine ana i roto i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te mate a Crohn me te ulcerative colitis, ka whai wāhi pea ki te whanaketanga o ngā polyp.

• Te Whakamahinga Rongoā: Mā te whakamahinga roa o ētahi rongoā, pērā i ngā rongoā anti-inflammatory kore-steroidal (NSAID) me ngā PPI, ka pā pea ki te mōrearea o ētahi momo polyp.

4. Ngā Tohu o ngā Polyps Gastrointestinal

Ko te nuinga o ngā polyp, inā koa ko ngā mea iti, kāore he tohu. Heoi, ko ngā polyp nui ake, ko ngā polyp rānei i ētahi wāhi ka puta pea ngā tohu, tae atu ki:

• Te Toto o te Reme: Ka puta te toto i roto i te tūtae mai i ngā polyp i roto i te koroni, i te remu rānei.

• Ngā Huringa o ngā Āhuatanga o te Puku: Ka arahi pea ngā polyp nui ake ki te mate kōroke, te mate korere, te ahua rānei kāore i oti te whakaputa i te paitini.

• Mamae, Āhuakore rānei o te Puku: Ahakoa he onge, ka pā mai pea he mamae puku ngawari ki te āhua kino ki ētahi polyp mēnā ka ārai i tētahi wāhanga o te ara GI.

• Te kore toto nui: Ko ngā polyp e āta toto ana i roto i te wā ka hua ake he mate toto iti-rino, ka arahi ki te ngenge me te ngoikore.

I te mea he ngawari, he ngaro rānei ngā tohu, he mea nui te tirotiro auau, inā koa mō ngā polyp colorectal, kia kitea wawe ai.

5. Te Tātaritanga o ngā Polyps Gastrointestinal

He maha ngā taputapu me ngā tikanga tātaritanga ka taea te kite i ngā polyp o te GI, inā koa i roto i te koroni me te puku:

• Te tirotiro koroni: Ko te tirotiro koroni te tikanga tino whai hua mō te kimi me te tango i ngā polyp i roto i te koroni. Mā tēnei ka taea te tiro tika i te arai o te koroni me te rectum, ā, ko ngā polyp katoa ka kitea ka taea te tango i te wā o te mahi.

• Endoscopy o Runga: Mō ngā polyps i roto i te puku, i te ara GI o runga rānei, ka mahia he endoscopy o runga. Ka whakauruhia he ngongo ngāwari me te kāmera mā te waha hei tiro i te esophagus, te puku, me te duodenum.

• Sigmoidoscopy: Ka tirohia e tēnei tikanga te wāhanga o raro o te koroni, e mōhiotia ana ko te koroni sigmoid. Ka taea te kite i ngā polyp i roto i te rectum me te koroni o raro engari kāore e tae ki te koroni o runga.

• Ngā Whakamātautau Tūtae: Ka taea e ētahi whakamātautau tūtae te kite i ngā tohu toto, i ngā tohu DNA rerekē rānei e pā ana ki ngā polyp, ki te mate pukupuku colorectal rānei.

• Ngā Whakamātautau Whakaahua: Ka taea e te CT colonography (colonoscopy mariko) te hanga whakaahua taipitopito o te koroni me te rectum. Ahakoa kāore e taea te tango wawe i ngā polyps, he kōwhiringa kore-whakaekenga tēnei.

6. Te Maimoatanga me te Whakahaere

Ko te maimoatanga o ngā polyp GI e whakawhirinaki ana ki tōna momo, te rahi, te wāhi, me te kaha pea o te mate pukupuku:

• Polypectomy: Koinei te tikanga maimoatanga tino noa mō te tango i ngā polyp i te wā o te colonoscopy, te endoscopy rānei. Ka taea te tango i ngā polyp iti mā te whakamahi i te snare, i te forcep rānei, engari ko ngā polyp nunui ake me whakamahi i ngā tikanga matatau ake.

• Tango Pokanga: I ētahi wā onge ka nui rawa ngā polyp, kāore rānei e taea te tango mā te endoscopic, me mahi pokanga pea. He mea noa ake tēnei mō ngā polyp e pā ana ki ngā mate ira.

• Aroturukitanga Auau: Mō ngā tūroro he maha ngā polyp, he hītori whānau mō ngā polyp, he mate ira motuhake rānei, ka tūtohutia kia whaihia ngā colonoscopie auau hei aroturuki i ngā polyp hou.